When might the use of force be deemed unavoidable?

The use of force may be deemed unavoidable in situations where there is an immediate threat to safety and no viable alternatives to ensure safety or de-escalate the situation. This context recognizes that in critical scenarios, such as an active shooter or an assault in progress, the officer has a duty to protect themselves and others. In these high-stakes moments, verbal warnings or non-lethal measures may not be effective or practical, necessitating a prompt and appropriate use of force to mitigate the threat and ensure public safety.

In routine traffic stops, the nature of the interaction typically does not present an immediate threat that justifies force; generally, these situations can be handled without resorting to physical intervention. Effective communication can often resolve conflicts or misunderstandings and is crucial for de-escalation, making it less likely that force would be necessary when clear communication is established. Although an officer might feel personally threatened, feeling threatened alone does not justify the use of force; there must be an actual, discernible threat to safety that requires a response.